Scratch guides
Short, practical guides to help you understand the Scratch ideas behind the projects you create. We add more over time.
Scratch game ideas
Not sure what to make? Start small and pick one goal for the player.
Try a collecting game (grab items before time runs out), a maze (reach the exit), a quiz about something you love, a catch game (do not let items fall), or a clicker game (click to build up your score).
Once one game works, add one new feature at a time, such as lives, a timer, or a second level.
How Scratch variables work
A variable is a named box that stores a value, like a score or the number of lives left.
In the Variables category, choose “Make a Variable” and name it, for example score. Use “set score to 0” at the start of the game and “change score by 1” whenever the player does something good.
Tick the box next to the variable to show it on the stage.
How to add scoring
Make a variable called score. When the green flag is clicked, set score to 0.
When your player touches something worth points, use “change score by 1”. Then use an “if score = 10” block to show a win message.
Keep the winning score small while testing so you can reach it quickly.
How to create a quiz
Use the “ask … and wait” block from the Sensing category to show a question.
The player’s reply is stored in the “answer” block. Use “if answer = …” to compare it with the right answer and “change score by 1” when it matches.
Repeat for each question, and show the final score at the end.
How to create enemies
Make a new sprite for the enemy and give it a simple movement, such as moving across the stage and bouncing back, or falling from the top.
Use “if touching Player” to take away a life or end the game.
Reset the enemy to a starting position so it keeps coming back.
How to make a platformer
A platformer needs gravity and jumping. Make a variable for vertical speed, change it a little each frame so the player falls, and set it to a positive number when the jump key is pressed.
Stop the fall when the player touches a platform.
Add a goal sprite and collectible items to give the player something to aim for.
How to create animations
Animations are made by switching costumes quickly. Give a sprite two or more costumes, then use “next costume” and a short “wait” inside a “repeat” or “forever” block.
Add movement blocks to make the character walk across the stage.
Try changing the backdrop to move from scene to scene.